The airway epithelium stretches and relaxes during the normal respiratory cycle, and hyperventilation exaggerates this effect, resulting in changes in lung physiology.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major worldwide health problem that has an increasing prevalence and mortality...
Sphingolipids are a distinct class of lipid molecules widely found in nature, principally as cell membrane constituents. After initial uncertainty about their function, sphingolipids have been increasingly recognised to be metabolically active...
AstraZeneca has launched a Phase III THARROS trial to evaluate the efficacy of its triple-combination inhaled therapy Breztri (budesonide / glycopyrronium / formoterol fumarate or BGF) in reducing severe cardiopulmonary outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Purpose of review: Some individuals share characteristics of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) has been defined as symptoms of increased variability of airflow in association with an incompletely reversible airflow obstruction.
Historically, natural products (NPs) are the main source of potential drugs and their antioxidant potential has been widely recognized. Furthermore, various reports have suggested that NPs act as modulators of targets related to COPD...
The goals of COPD therapy are to prevent and control symptoms, reduce the frequency and severity of exacerbations, and improve exercise tolerance. The triple combination therapy of inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs)...
Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk is strongly influenced by cigarette smoking, genetic factors are also important determinants of COPD. In addition to Mendelian syndromes such as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency...
Small airways disease (SAD) is a cardinal feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) first recognized in the nineteenth century. The diverse histopathological features associated with SAD underpin the heterogeneous nature of COPD.
Areas covered: In this paper, the chemical properties, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety of Revefenacin was introduced, and the evolution of muscarinic antagonists is also briefly described.