Short-term treatment of insomnia when it is severe, disabling or subjecting the individual to extreme distress. Dalmane is helpful in overcoming difficulties in getting to sleep and also in the problem of frequent nocturnal awakenings. Its properties make it particularly indicated where the total duration of sleep is less than adequate. An underlying cause for insomnia should be sought before deciding upon the use of benzodiazepines for symptomatic relief. Benzodiazepines are not recommended for the primary treatment of psychotic illness.