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| Drug class description : | Glucocorticoids (corticosteroids, steroids). |
| Generic Name : | Triamcinolone |
| Drug description : | 1 mL, 2 mL pre-filled syringes for intramuscular use only. 1 ml vial for intramuscular or intra- articular use. |
| Presentation : | Injection, triamcinolone acetonide 40 mg /mL. |
| Indications : | Intra-articular: Joint pain, swelling and stiffness associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis. Bursitis, epicondylitis, tenosynovitis. Intramuscular: Allergic states, adrenocortical insufficiency, collagen disorders, severe dermatitis. |
| Adult Dosage : | Intra-muscular, initially 40 mg injected deeply into gluteal muscle, then according to response. Hay fever or pollen asthma, 40 - 100 mg as a single injection. Intra-articular, 5 - 40 mg depending on joint size; maximum 80 mg for multiple joint treatment. |
| Child Dosage : | Under 6 years, not recommended; 6 Under 6 years, not recommended; 6 - 12 years, adjust adult dose according to age, weight, severity and joint size. |
| Contra Indications : | Must NOT be used i.v., epidurally or intrathecally. Systemic infections unless specific anti-infective therapy is used. |
| Special Precautions : | Tuberculosis, viral, fungal or active infections, latent or active amoebiasis. Warn patients to avoid contact with chickenpox or herpes zoster while they are receiving steroids and for 3 months post-treatment. In the event of exposure to chickenpox, non-immunised patients should receive varicella-zoster immunoglobulin ideally within 3 days and not later than 10 days from the time of contact. Patients diagnosed with chickenpox should be referred for specialist care. Recent intestinal anastomoses, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, active or latent peptic ulcer, thrombophlebitis, psychoses, exanthematous disease, chronic nephritis, acute glomerulonephritis, renal insufficiency, liver failure, cirrhosis, metastatic carcinoma, osteoporosis, hypertension, congestive heart failure, recent MI, glaucoma, epilepsy, diabetes, hypothyroidism, ocular herpes simplex, myasthenia gravis, previous steroid myopathy, cerebral malaria. Limit use in children. Elderly. Pregnancy, lactation. Stress, intercurrent illness, trauma or surgical procedures; monitor patients to avoid life-threatening reactions, (including babies of women who have received large doses of steroids). Use for the shortest length of time at the lowest effective dose, review regularly. Administration in the morning or, if possible, on alternate days helps to reduce risk of adrenal suppression. Advise patient to carry "steroid treatment card". Withrawal: Withdrawal should be received systemic steroids for more than 3 weeks, or who have taken high doses or repeat courses, or who have repeatedly taken doses in the evening. In some patients treated for less than 3 weeks, withdrawal may be abrupt if the disease is unlikely to relapse or if high or repeated doses have not been given; reinstate if stressed. |
| Adverse Reactions : | Depending on steroid, dose and length of treatment, both glucocorticoid and mineralocoticoid adverse effects may be seen. These include suppression of growth in children, hypertension, water retention, potassium loss, muscle weakness, aseptic necrosis of femoral and humeral heads, cushingoid changes, hyperglycaemia, osteoporosis, depression, euphoria, peptic ulceration, posterior subcapsular cataracts, impaired wound healing, skin thinning. |
| Manufacturer : | Bristol-Myers Squibb |
| Drug Availability : | (POM) |
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