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| Drug class description : | Anticoagulants. |
| Generic Name : | Generic |
| Drug description : | Ampoules or vials. |
| Presentation : | Injection, heparin 1,000 units/mL , 5,000 units/mL , 25,000 units/ mL . |
| Indications : | Treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, prophylaxis of DVT and PE in general surgery, orthopaedic surgery and pregnancy. Unstable angina, acute peripheral arterial occlusion, prevention of coronary re-occlusion post thrombolysis for myocardial infarction. |
| Adult Dosage : | DVT and PE, initial 5,000 unit loading dose by intravenous injection, followed by continuous intravenous infusion at 1,000-2, 000 units/hour or 15,000 units by subcutaneous injection every 12 hours. Oral anticoagulation hours. Oral anticoagulation should be instituted concurrently and heparin continued for at least three days until oral anticoagulation has taken effect. Unstable angina, acute peripheral arterial occlusion, intravenous regimen as for DVT and PE. Surgical prophylaxis, 5,000 units intravenously two hours prior to surgery, followed by 5,000 units every eight to 12 hours until patient ambulant. A low molecular weight heparin may be selected for use during orthopaedic surgical procedures. Prophylaxis during pregnancy, 5, 000-10,000 units every 12 hours. |
| Child Dosage : | Reduced loading dose, followed by 15-25 units/kg/hour by intravenous infusion or 250 units/kg every 12 hours by subcutaneous injection. |
| Contra Indications : | Haemophilia and other haemorrhagic disorders. Heparin hypersensitivity, severe thrombocytopenia, severe hypertension, peptic ulcer, severe liver disease, renal failure, recent major trauma or surgery. |
| Special Precautions : | Hepatic and renal impairment. Pregnancy. Presence of risk factors for haemorrhage. |
| Interactions : | Aspirin, diclofenac (IV), ketorolac (IV), nitrates, antiplatelet drugs. |
| Adverse Reactions : | Haemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, local irritation at injection site, raised liver enzymes (ALT and AST). Rarely, allergic reactions, osteoporosis (after prolonged use). |
| Drug Availability : | (POM) |
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