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| Drug class description : | Glucocorticoids (corticosteroids, steroids). |
| Generic Name : | Triamcinolone - injection |
| Drug description : | Injection. |
| Presentation : | Injection, triamcinolone acetonide 10mg/mL. |
| Indications : | Intra-articular: Joint pain, swelling and stiffness associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthrosis. Bursitis, epicondylitis, tenosynovitis. Intradermal: Lichen simplex chronicus, granuloma annulare, lichen planus, keloids, alopecia areata, hypertrophic scars. |
| Adult Dosage : | Intra-articular, 2.5 - 15 mg depending on severity of condition and joint size. Intradermal, 2 - 3 mg depending on size of lesion; maximum 5 mg in one site. If several sites injected, maximum total dose 30 mg. |
| Child Dosage : | Under 6 years, not recommended; over 6 years, adjust adult dose according to age, weight, severity and joint size. |
| Contra Indications : | Infection near injection site. Infection near injection site. Must NOT be used intravenously, epidurally or intrathecally. Systemic infections unless specific anti-infective therapy is used. |
| Special Precautions : | Tuberculosis, viral, fungal or active infections, latent or active amoebiasis. Warn patients to avoid contact with chickenpox or herpes zoster while they are receiving steroids and for 3 months post-treatment. In the event of exposure to chickenpox, non-immunised patients should receive varicella-zoster immunoglobulin ideally within 3 days and not later than 10 days from the time of contact. Patients diagnosed with chickenpox should be referred for specialist care. Recent intestinal anastomoses, ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, active or latent peptic ulcer, thrombophlebitis, psychoses, exanthematous disease, chronic nephritis, acute glomerulonephritis, renal insufficiency, liver failure, cirrhosis, metastatic carcinoma, osteoporosis, hypertension, congestive heart failure, recent MI, glaucoma, epilepsy, diabetes, hypothyroidism, ocular herpes simplex, myasthenia gravis, previous steroid myopathy, cerebral malaria. Limit use in children. Elderly. Pregnancy, lactation. Stress, intercurrent illness, trauma or surgical procedures; monitor patients to avoid life-threatening reactions, (including babies of women who have received large doses of steroids). Use for the shortest length of time at the lowest effective dose, review regularly. Administration in the morning or, if possible, on alternate days helps to reduce risk of adrenal suppression. Advise patient to carry "steroid treatment card". Withrawal: Withdrawal should be gradual in patients who have received systemic steroids for more than 3 weeks, or who have taken high doses or repeat taken doses in the evening. In some patients treated for less than 3 weeks, withdrawal may be abrupt if the disease is unlikely to relapse or if high or repeated doses have not been given; reinstate if stressed. |
| Adverse Reactions : | Depending on steroid, dose and length of treatment, both glucocorticoid and mineralocoticoid adverse effects may be seen. These include suppression of growth in children, hypertension, water retention, potassium loss, muscle weakness, aseptic necrosis of femoral and humeral heads, cushingoid changes, hyperglycaemia, osteoporosis, depression, euphoria, peptic ulceration, posterior subcapsular cataracts, impaired wound healing, skin thinning. |
| Manufacturer : | Bristol-Myers Squibb |
| Drug Availability : | (POM) |
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