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Sports Medicine Overview

Sports Medicine

Sports medicine is the specialty that encompasses the different medical aspects of sport. The generic term "sport" covers a multitude of activities1 carried out in different ways, and with widely varying intensities and frequencies.2 Amateurishness (educational practice, mass sport and recreational sport) can simply be distinguished from the competitive or top level sport.1

Sports...

... medicine studies the physiology and psychology of sport; energy metabolism, nutrition, the body’s adaptations to effort, blood doping, training and over-training, recovery, fatigue or stress.1 It includes accident prevention in athletes, the diagnosis and management of injuries due to sporting activities.3 Some injuries are very common in sport, often due to excessive practice or a lack of training (stress fracture, tendonitis, tendon injuries and other sprains and pulled muscles).3

Physical activities in general, and sports in particular, are growing increasingly in our society.2 Exercise is of particular importance for the proper functioning of the body and in the prevention and alleviation of many chronic diseases; metabolic (type 2 diabetes, hypertension), cardiac (heart failure, coronary heart disease), respiratory (COPD), osteological (arthritis, osteoporosis), fatigue and cancer.4 Sports medicine occupies an important place in the field of medical activity, especially for the general practitioner.

1. Brunet-Guedj E. et al. Medecine du sport. Edition Masson. 2006 ; 7eme edition.
2. Rochcongar P. et al. Medecine du sport . Elsevier Masson. 2009 ; 4eme edition.
3. Beers M.H. et al. The Merck manual of medical information. Merck research laboratories. Second home edition. 2003, 419-429.
4. Pedersen B.K. et al. Evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in chronic disease. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006 ; 16 (1) : 3-63.

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