Quick Search: ADHD | Hyperactivity | Treatment
The recognized adverse effects of stimulants are insomnia, appetite loss, growth retardation, abdominal pain and, occasionally, dysphoria, tics or agitation. The guideline states that the reported rate of sudden death in children is unlikely to be greater than in untreated patients, but the true figure of adverse reactions is probably higher than reported.
Children’s height and weight should be monitored with growth charts. For cardiovascular side-effects, a physical examination and assessment of potential cardiac abnormalities (with an optional ECG) is recommended before prescription. Other strategies for dealing with adverse events are monitoring, dose adjustment, switching medication and adjunctive pharmacotherapy to treat side-effects.
There is little evidence for misuse or diversion of stimulant medications in patients with ADHD who did not already have substance abuse or conduct problems, and extended-release preparations seem to be less likely to be used inappropriately than immediate-release formulations.
Common adverse effects for atomoxetine are nausea, sedation and appetite loss. Other side-effects include dry mouth, insomnia, constipation and mood swings. Urinary retention and sexual dysfunction have been reported in adults.