Orthopaedics Medical Journal Abstracts
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Changes in cardiac index and blood pressure on positioning children prone for scoliosis surgery
Anaesthesia
May 2013
Changes in cardiac index and blood pressure on positioning children prone for scoliosis surgery
In this prospective observational study we investigated the changes in cardiac index and mean arterial pressure in children when positioned prone for scoliosis correction surgery. Thirty children (ASA 1–2, aged 13–18 years) undergoing primary, idiopathic scoliosis repair were recruited. The cardiac index and mean..Evaluation of osteosynthesis with dual fibular bone grafting for neglected femoral neck fractures
Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
May 2013
Evaluation of osteosynthesis with dual fibular bone grafting for neglected femoral neck fractures
Background: Femoral neck fractures in young adults is an unsolved problem and neglected femoral neck fractures presents more challenge to the orthopaedics surgeon if femoral head salvage is attempted. We reviewed the operative results of neglected femoral neck fractures in young adults with fixation with dual fibular..Hallux valgus and lesser toe deformities are highly heritable in adult men and women: The Framingham foot study
Arthritis Care & Research
May 2013
Hallux valgus and lesser toe deformities are highly heritable in adult men and women: The Framingham foot study
Objective: To estimate heritability of three common disorders affecting the forefoot: hallux valgus, lesser toe deformities and plantar forefoot soft tissue atrophy in adult Caucasian men and women. Methods: Between 2002-2008, a trained examiner used a validated foot exam to document presence of hallux valgus, lesser..Modeling hepatic osteodystrophy in Abcb4 deficient mice
Bone
May 2013
Modeling hepatic osteodystrophy in Abcb4 deficient mice
Hepatic osteodystrophy (HOD) denotes the alterations in bone morphology and metabolism frequently observed in patients with chronic liver diseases, in particular in case of cholestatic conditions. The molecular mechanisms underlying HOD are only partially understood. In the present study, we characterized the bone..A rare cause of chronic sciatic pain: Schwannoma of the sciatic nerve
Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
May 2013
A rare cause of chronic sciatic pain: Schwannoma of the sciatic nerve
Schwannomas are common, benign tumors of the shelth of peripheral nerves. Sciatic schwannomas are rare. Their symptomatology usually mimics sciatic pain due to a herniated disc, which can delay the diagnosis. If there is no lumbar pain and lumbar MRI is normal, the sciatic nerve must be clinically and radiologically..Sonographic joint assessment in rheumatoid arthritis: Associations with clinical joint assessment in remission
Arthritis & Rheumatism
May 2013
Sonographic joint assessment in rheumatoid arthritis: Associations with clinical joint assessment in remission
Background: Sonography is a sensitive tool for evaluating synovitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with clinical assessment. However, differences between these assessments may depend on how “joint activity” is defined. Therefore, we compared clinically vs. sonographically active joints in RA by different..Transcription factor Mohawk and the pathogenesis of human anterior cruciate ligament degradation
Arthritis & Rheumatism
May 2013
Transcription factor Mohawk and the pathogenesis of human anterior cruciate ligament degradation
Objective: To investigate the expression and function of Mohawk (MKX) in human adult anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tissues and ligament cells from normal and osteoarthritis-affected knees. Methods: Knee joints were obtained at autopsy within 24-48 hours postmortem from 13 normal donors (age 36.9±11.0 years), 16 OA..Proposed pathogenesis for atypical femoral fractures: Lessons from materials research
Bone
May 2013
Proposed pathogenesis for atypical femoral fractures: Lessons from materials research
Atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) have been well defined clinically and epidemiologically. Less clear are the underlying mechanisms responsible. This commentary points out the likely sources of decreased resistance to fracture using lessons from bone material studies and biomechanics. We hypothesize that the key..Cortical porosity in children is determined by age-dependent osteonal morphology
Bone
May 2013
Cortical porosity in children is determined by age-dependent osteonal morphology
Introduction: Fracture rates in children are high. Cortical bone makes a major contribution to bone strength, determined by cortical geometry, mineralization and porosity. Of these, porosity remains least well explored. Since most cortical canals are part of an osteon, we examined osteons and their canals for..MicroRNA-214 suppresses osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells by targeting Osterix
Bone
May 2013
MicroRNA-214 suppresses osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells by targeting Osterix
Osterix (Osx) is an osteoblast-specific transcription factor that is essential for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Osx-null mice, which exhibit a complete absence of bone formation and arrested osteoblast differentiation, die immediately after birth. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanism..Nrp2 deficiency leads to trabecular bone loss and is accompanied by enhanced osteoclast and reduced osteoblast numbers
Bone
May 2013
Nrp2 deficiency leads to trabecular bone loss and is accompanied by enhanced osteoclast and reduced osteoblast numbers
Neuropilin 1 (Nrp1) and Nrp2 are transmembrane receptors that can bind class 3 semaphorins (Sema3A-G) in addition to VEGF family members to play important roles in axonal guidance, vascularization and angiogenesis, as well as immune responses. Moreover, recent evidence implicates Sema3A/Nrp-mediated signaling in bone..Drilling of bone: A comprehensive review
Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation
Feb 2013
Drilling of bone: A comprehensive review
Background: Bone fracture treatment usually involves restoring of the fractured parts to their initial position and immobilizing them until the healing takes place. Drilling of bone is common to produce hole for screw insertion to fix the fractured parts for immobilization. Orthopaedic drilling during surgical process..Managing Psychosocial Contributors in Low Back Pain Patients—A Randomised Controlled Trial
Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation
Feb 2013
Managing Psychosocial Contributors in Low Back Pain Patients—A Randomised Controlled Trial
Introduction: The efficacy of integrated physiotherapy work rehabilitation program to occupational non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) patients triaged by Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire (OMPQ) for psychosocial risks was investigated. Methods: 47 subjects were recruited and randomly allocated to either the..Midcarpal Joint Loose Body, Where Does It Come from?
Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation
Jan 2013
Midcarpal Joint Loose Body, Where Does It Come from?
We report a case of intra-articular loose body in the mid-carpal joint following the fracture of the distal radius. The patient fell from a height of 5 ft. The radiographs and computed tomography scan showed a bony fragment in the midcarpal joint. It was associated with dorsal scapholunate ligament tear. The..Wnt-mediated reciprocal regulation between cartilage and bone development during endochondral ossification
Bone
Jan 2013
Wnt-mediated reciprocal regulation between cartilage and bone development during endochondral ossification
The role of Wnt signaling is extensively studied in skeletal development and postnatal bone remodeling, mostly based on the genetic approaches of β-catenin manipulation. However, given their independent function, a requirement for β-catenin is not the same as that for Wnt. Here, we investigated the effect of Wnt..Mesenchymal progenitors residing close to the bone surface are functionally distinct from those in the central bone marrow
Bone
Jan 2013
Mesenchymal progenitors residing close to the bone surface are functionally distinct from those in the central bone marrow
Long bone is an anatomically complicated tissue with trabecular-rich metaphyses at two ends and cortical-rich diaphysis at the center. The traditional flushing method isolates only mesenchymal progenitor cells from the central region of long bones and these cells are distant from the bone surface. We propose that..Paediatric bone and joint infections are more common in boys and toddlers: a national epidemiology study
Acta Paediatrica
Dec 2012
Paediatric bone and joint infections are more common in boys and toddlers: a national epidemiology study
Aim: Little is known about bone and joint infections (BJIs) in children, despite the risk of growth disturbance. This study examined BJIs epidemiology using the French National Hospital Discharge Database (HD). Methods: Any child <15 years hospitalized with an HD diagnosis of BJI, alone or in combination with sepsis or..Physical and social functioning in adolescents with rheumatological conditions: a study of predictors
Acta Paediatrica
Dec 2012
Physical and social functioning in adolescents with rheumatological conditions: a study of predictors
Aim: This study examines possible predictors of physical and social functioning in adolescents with rheumatological conditions. Condition-related variables and psychosocial variables were studied, and their relative contribution as predictors was examined. Methods: The study population was one hundred and twelve..Osteocyte apoptosis
Bone
Dec 2012
Osteocyte apoptosis
Apoptotic death of osteocytes was recognized over 15years ago, but its significance for bone homeostasis has remained elusive. A new paradigm has emerged that invokes osteocyte apoptosis as a critical event in the recruitment of osteoclasts to a specific site in response to skeletal unloading, fatigue damage, estrogen..Independent predictors of all osteoporosis-related fractures among healthy Saudi postmenopausal women: The CEOR Study
Bone
Jan 2012
Independent predictors of all osteoporosis-related fractures among healthy Saudi postmenopausal women: The CEOR Study
This study was designed to identify independent predictors of all osteoporosis-related fractures (ORFs) among healthy Saudi postmenopausal women. We prospectively followed a cohort of 707 healthy postmenopausal women (mean age, 61.3±7.2years) for 5.2±1.3years. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, medical..Krüppel-like factors KLF2 and 6 and Ki-67 are direct targets of zoledronic acid in MCF-7 cells
Bone
Jan 2012
Krüppel-like factors KLF2 and 6 and Ki-67 are direct targets of zoledronic acid in MCF-7 cells
Bisphosphonates (BP) are used for the treatment of osteoporosis and bone metastases due to breast and prostate cancer. Recent clinical studies indicated a benefit in survival and tumor relapse with the supportive treatment of breast cancer using zoledronic acid (ZA), thus stimulating the debate about its putative..Increased proportion of hypermineralized osteocyte lacunae in osteoporotic and osteoarthritic human trabecular bone: Implications for bone remodeling
Bone
Dec 2011
Increased proportion of hypermineralized osteocyte lacunae in osteoporotic and osteoarthritic human trabecular bone: Implications for bone remodeling
Hypermineralized osteocyte lacunae (micropetrosis) have received little research attention. While they are a known aspect of the aging human skeleton, no data are available for pathological bone. In this study, intertrochanteric trabecular bone cores were obtained from patients at surgery for osteoporotic (OP) femoral..Incidence of Clinically Significant Venous Thromboembolic Events in Asian Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty Without Anticoagulation
The Journal of Arthroplasty
Nov 2011
Incidence of Clinically Significant Venous Thromboembolic Events in Asian Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty Without Anticoagulation
This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of clinically significant venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in Asian patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) without anticoagulation. All patients who underwent TKA by a single surgeon from 2006 to 2010 in Singapore General Hospital were reviewed. Only symptomatic..Long-Term Femoral Bone Remodeling After Cemented Hip Arthroplasty With the Müller Straight Stem in the Operated and Nonoperated Femora
The Journal of Arthroplasty
Nov 2011
Long-Term Femoral Bone Remodeling After Cemented Hip Arthroplasty With the Müller Straight Stem in the Operated and Nonoperated Femora
We investigated the cortical bone changes in 35 patients with total hip arthroplasty operated on only for osteoarthritis with more than 10 years of follow-up and with nonrevised femoral components and without radiologic signs of loosening. The mean follow-up was 16 ± 5 years. The thicknesses of femoral cortices were..Accuracy of finite element predictions in sideways load configurations for the proximal human femur
Journal of Biomechanics
Nov 2011
Accuracy of finite element predictions in sideways load configurations for the proximal human femur
Subject-specific finite element models have been used to predict stress-state and fracture risk in individual patients. While many studies analysed quasi-axial loading configurations, only few works simulated sideways load configurations, such as those arising in a fall. The majority among these latter directly..Bone Mineral Density in Young Women on Methadone Substitution
Calcified Tissue International
Sep 2011
Bone Mineral Density in Young Women on Methadone Substitution
Little is known about bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with heroin addiction and subsequent methadone substitution. The goal of this study was to compare bone mass density of young HIV-negative women on long-term methadone treatment to a local group of young healthy women. Eleven women (aged 20–29) with previous..Gastrointestinal Tolerability and Patterns of Switching in Patients Treated for Primary Osteoporosis: The Swedish Adherence Register Analysis (SARA)
Calcified Tissue International
Sep 2011
Gastrointestinal Tolerability and Patterns of Switching in Patients Treated for Primary Osteoporosis: The Swedish Adherence Register Analysis (SARA)
The objective of this study was to describe and analyze the gastrointestinal tolerability and medication switching in patients receiving treatment for primary osteoporosis in Sweden. The study was based on all patients starting therapy with alendronate, risedronate, strontium ranelate, and raloxifene in Sweden between..Exercise training reverses adiponectin resistance in skeletal muscle of patients with chronic heart failure
Heart
Jun 2011
Exercise training reverses adiponectin resistance in skeletal muscle of patients with chronic heart failure
Background: Resistance to the insulin-sensitising adipocytokine, adiponectin, has been described at the level of the skeletal muscle in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Objective: To investigate whether exercise training (ET) would improve skeletal muscle energy metabolism and adiponectin signalling...
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