Diabetes and Endocrinology Medical Journal Abstracts
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Exogenous insulin requirements do not differ between youth and adults with cystic fibrosis related diabetes
Pediatric Diabetes
Jan 2013
Exogenous insulin requirements do not differ between youth and adults with cystic fibrosis related diabetes
Objective: To examine whether insulin requirements and diabetes control differ between adolescents and adults with cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD). Methods: All CFRD patients on insulin therapy seen at the University of Minnesota outpatient clinic from 1 January 2011 to 1 June 2012 were identified. Hemoglobin..Evaluation of glycated hemoglobin and fetal hemoglobin-adjusted HbA1c measurements in infants
Pediatric Diabetes
Jan 2013
Evaluation of glycated hemoglobin and fetal hemoglobin-adjusted HbA1c measurements in infants
Background: As the presence of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) affects the accuracy of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) analysis methods, HbA1c measurement may not be a good indicator for patients with neonatal diabetes mellitus, whereas glycated albumin (GA) may be a good indicator. Objective: To investigate whether total glycated..Maternal depressive symptoms predict acute hospitalization among children with type 1 diabetes
Pediatric Diabetes
Jan 2013
Maternal depressive symptoms predict acute hospitalization among children with type 1 diabetes
Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the impact of a mother's depressive symptoms on the risk of hospital admission of her child due to severe hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis. Materials and methods: One hundred sixty-six mothers of children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) were evaluated using the Hamilton..Improved glycemic control and acute complications among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Moshi, Tanzania
Pediatric Diabetes
Jan 2013
Improved glycemic control and acute complications among children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Moshi, Tanzania
Objective: There are an estimated 1000 children with diabetes in Tanzania. Recently, the first two pediatric endocrinologists, trained in the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology (ESPE)/International Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) program in Nairobi, Kenya, entered practice. The purpose..The relation of serum nesfatin-1 level with metabolic and clinical parameters in obese and healthy children
Pediatric Diabetes
Jan 2013
The relation of serum nesfatin-1 level with metabolic and clinical parameters in obese and healthy children
Background: Nesfatin-1, a recently discovered anorexigenic neuropeptide, is expressed in several tissues including pancreatic islet cells and central nervous system. This peptide seems to play an important role in hypothalamic pathways regulating food intake and energy homeostasis. Objective: We aimed to investigate..Prospective antibody case finding of coeliac disease in type-1 diabetes children: need of biopsy revisited
Acta Paediatrica
Jan 2013
Prospective antibody case finding of coeliac disease in type-1 diabetes children: need of biopsy revisited
Aim: To evaluate whether coeliac disease (CD) can be diagnosed by measuring autoantibodies without small-intestinal mucosal biopsies in children with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Case finding of CD was undertaken in 181 consecutive IgA-competent children with type 1 diabetes using transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and endomysial..Biobreeding rat islets exhibit reduced anti-oxidative defense and N-acetyl cysteine treatment delays Type 1 diabetes
Journal of Endocrinology
Nov 2012
Biobreeding rat islets exhibit reduced anti-oxidative defense and N-acetyl cysteine treatment delays Type 1 diabetes
Islet-level oxidative stress has been proposed as a trigger for Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and release of cytokines by infiltrating immune cells further elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS), exacerbating beta cell duress. To identify genes/mechanisms involved with diabetogenesis at the beta cell level, gene expression..Blood glucose levels in children with Type 1 diabetes attending a residential diabetes camp: a 2-year review
Diabetic Medicine
Nov 2012
Blood glucose levels in children with Type 1 diabetes attending a residential diabetes camp: a 2-year review
Aims: The objective of this retrospective analysis of blood glucose values at a week-long residential summer camp for children with Type 1 diabetes was to provide experiential data to reinforce current summer camp guidelines and to determine if specific interventions implemented between 2009 and 2010 were effective in..Characterizing the transition from paediatric to adult care among emerging adults with Type 1 diabetes
Diabetic Medicine
Nov 2012
Characterizing the transition from paediatric to adult care among emerging adults with Type 1 diabetes
Aims: The goals of the study were to describe the transition of youth with Type 1 diabetes from paediatric to adult healthcare services, examine the link of this transition with self care and glycaemic control, and distinguish youth who received medical treatment from different physicians in terms of demographic and..Family history of Type 1 diabetes affects insulin secretion in patients with ‘Type 2’ diabetes
Diabetic Medicine
Nov 2012
Family history of Type 1 diabetes affects insulin secretion in patients with ‘Type 2’ diabetes
Aims: The aim was to evaluate the impact of family history of diabetes on the phenotype of patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes and the frequency of susceptibility genotypes. Methods: Patients with Type 2 diabetes with family history for both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes (FHMIX, n = 196) or Type 2 diabetes only (FHT2,..Xanthine oxidase and lens oxidative stress markers in diabetic and senile cataract patients
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
Nov 2012
Xanthine oxidase and lens oxidative stress markers in diabetic and senile cataract patients
Xanthine oxidase (XOD) is a prooxidant enzyme possibly implicated in diabetic lens injury and genesis of senile cataract (SC). We evaluated the impact of diabetes on XOD activity and its relationships with lens oxidative stress markers in patients operated on for SC. Serum and lens XOD activities, lens malondialdehyde..Confirming Glycemic Status in the Diabetes Prevention Program: Implications for Diagnosing Diabetes in High Risk Adults
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
Nov 2012
Confirming Glycemic Status in the Diabetes Prevention Program: Implications for Diagnosing Diabetes in High Risk Adults
Aims: To examine the ability of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and/or 2-h glucose to confirm diabetes and to determine the proportion of participants with HbA1c ≥6.5%. Methods: Diabetes confirmation rates were calculated after a single elevated FPG and/or 2-h glucose on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) using a..Impact of differences in glucose tolerance on the prevalence of a negative insulinogenic index
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
Nov 2012
Impact of differences in glucose tolerance on the prevalence of a negative insulinogenic index
Objective: To determine the prevalence of a negative insulinogenic index (change in plasma insulin/change in plasma glucose from 0 to 30min) from an oral glucose tolerance test according to glucose tolerance category. Materials and Methods: Data from the San Antonio Heart Study (n=2494), Japanese American Community..Antioxidant, anti-diabetic and renal protective properties of Stevia rebaudiana
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
Nov 2012
Antioxidant, anti-diabetic and renal protective properties of Stevia rebaudiana
Background: Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has been used for the treatment of diabetes in, for example, Brazil, although a positive effect on antidiabetic and its complications has not been unequivocally demonstrated. This herb also has numerous therapeutic properties which have been proven safe and effective over hundreds..Cell-specific insulin resistance: implications for atherosclerosis
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
Cell-specific insulin resistance: implications for atherosclerosis
Insulin resistance is increasingly acknowledged as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite this, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that might account for this relationship remain incompletely understood. A key challenge has been in distinguishing between a ‘whole-body’..The role of glycogen synthase in the development of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes – ‘To store or not to store glucose, that's the question’
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
The role of glycogen synthase in the development of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes – ‘To store or not to store glucose, that's the question’
This review deals with the role of glycogen storage in skeletal muscle for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Specifically, the role of the enzyme glycogen synthase, which seems to be locked in its hyperphosphorylated and inactivated state, is discussed. This defect seems to be secondary to..Overexpression of ZAC impairs glucose-stimulated insulin translation and secretion in clonal pancreatic beta-cells
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
Overexpression of ZAC impairs glucose-stimulated insulin translation and secretion in clonal pancreatic beta-cells
Background: ZAC (Zinc finger protein that regulates apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest) is a candidate gene for transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDM). This condition involves severe insulin deficiency at birth that reverses over weeks or months but may relapse with diabetes recurring in later life. ZAC..The relation among NGF, EGF and insulin is important for triggering pancreatic β cell apoptosis
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
The relation among NGF, EGF and insulin is important for triggering pancreatic β cell apoptosis
Background: Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a well-known mediator for maintaining the survival of neurons, while recent studies report that its absence induces apoptosis in cultured β cells of humans and rats. However, its relationship with other growth factors that have important roles in the survival and function of β..Effect of exercise intensity and duration on capillary glucose responses in pregnant women at low and high risk for gestational diabetes
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
Effect of exercise intensity and duration on capillary glucose responses in pregnant women at low and high risk for gestational diabetes
Background: Exercise may influence glucose metabolism during pregnancy. We examined the effect of exercise intensity and duration on capillary glucose responses in pregnant women at low and high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who followed a modified GDM meal plan. Methods: Randomization occurred at study..Polymorphism M55V in gene encoding small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) protein associates with susceptibility to type 1 (and type 2) diabetes
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
Polymorphism M55V in gene encoding small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) protein associates with susceptibility to type 1 (and type 2) diabetes
Background: The association between small ubiquitin-like modifier 4 (SUMO4) gene polymorphism and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been investigated in several studies. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association of SUMO4 gene polymorphism with T1DM and T2DM..Estimating risk factors and perinatal outcomes for gestational diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in teen mothers
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
Estimating risk factors and perinatal outcomes for gestational diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in teen mothers
Background: Our objective was to identify potentially modifiable risk factors and outcomes for gestational diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in a contemporary American teen population. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of all teenage deliveries (≤18 years old) at one institution over a 4-year..Evaluation of the Neuropad sudomotor function test as a screening tool for polyneuropathy in the elderly population with diabetes and pre-diabetes: the KORA F4 survey
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Nov 2012
Evaluation of the Neuropad sudomotor function test as a screening tool for polyneuropathy in the elderly population with diabetes and pre-diabetes: the KORA F4 survey
Background: Neuropad is a novel indicator test for sudomotor dysfunction, which has not been validated as a screening tool in a population-based study. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of Neuropad as a screening tool for distal symmetric polyneuropathy among elderly subjects with diabetes and pre-diabetes in..The impact of regional deprivation and individual socio-economic status on the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in Germany. A pooled analysis of five population-based studies
Diabetic Medicine
Nov 2012
The impact of regional deprivation and individual socio-economic status on the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes in Germany. A pooled analysis of five population-based studies
Aim: Our objective was to test the hypothesis that the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes increases with increasing regional deprivation even after controlling for individual socio-economic status. Methods: We pooled cross-sectional data from five German population-based studies. The data set contained information on n = 11..Intensification of diabetes medication and risk for 30-day readmission
Diabetic Medicine
Nov 2012
Intensification of diabetes medication and risk for 30-day readmission
Aim: To examine the association of in-hospital diabetes regimen intensification with subsequent 30-day risk for unplanned readmission/emergency department admission. Methods: We retrospectively studied 1949 adults with Type 2 diabetes receiving primary care within an academic health network admitted to the hospital..Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 serum concentrations are associated with metabolic and hepatic markers in humans
Journal of Endocrinology
Nov 2012
Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 serum concentrations are associated with metabolic and hepatic markers in humans
Rather than a traditional growth factor, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 is considered to be a metabolic hormone. In the current study, we investigated serum FGF-21 levels in the self-contained population of Sorbs. Serum FGF-21 concentrations were quantified by ELISA and correlated with insulin-like growth factor..Sodium/iodide symporter is expressed in the majority of seminomas and embryonal testicular carcinomas
Journal of Endocrinology
Nov 2012
Sodium/iodide symporter is expressed in the majority of seminomas and embryonal testicular carcinomas
Testicular cancer is the most frequent cancer in young men. The large majority of patients has a good prognosis, but in a small group of tumours the current treatments are not effective. Radioiodine is routinely used in the treatment of thyroid cancer and is currently investigated as a potential therapeutic tool even..Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin added to ongoing metformin and pioglitazone combination therapy in a randomized, placebo-controlled, 26-week trial in patients with type 2 diabetes
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications
Oct 2012
Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin added to ongoing metformin and pioglitazone combination therapy in a randomized, placebo-controlled, 26-week trial in patients with type 2 diabetes
Aims: To assess efficacy and safety of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, in combination therapy with metformin (≥1500mg/day) and pioglitazone (≥30mg/day) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with inadequate glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] ≥7.5% and ≤11%). Methods: This placebo-controlled,..The association studies of ADIPOQ with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese populations
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Oct 2012
The association studies of ADIPOQ with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese populations
Adiponectin, which is secreted by the white adipose tissue, plays an important role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. Since 2002, many investigators explored the association between ADIPOQ single nucleotide polymorphisms and T2DM in different ethnic populations from different regions. In China,..Linagliptin monotherapy in type 2 diabetes patients for whom metformin is inappropriate: an 18-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial with a 34-week active-controlled extension
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Oct 2012
Linagliptin monotherapy in type 2 diabetes patients for whom metformin is inappropriate: an 18-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial with a 34-week active-controlled extension
Aims: To investigate the efficacy and safety of linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients for whom metformin was inappropriate. Methods: This 1-year double-blind study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00740051) enrolled T2DM patients with inadequate glycaemic control,..Gender, strain and inheritance dependent variation in aldosterone secretion in mice
Journal of Endocrinology
Sep 2012
Gender, strain and inheritance dependent variation in aldosterone secretion in mice
Arterial hypertension represents one of the most common diseases in developed countries and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is among the major factors in the regulation of blood pressure and sodium balance. With exception of rare monogenetic diseases, however, inheritance of aldosterone secretion is widely..Identifying risk and preventing progression to Type 2 diabetes in vulnerable and disadvantaged adults: a pragmatic review
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Identifying risk and preventing progression to Type 2 diabetes in vulnerable and disadvantaged adults: a pragmatic review
Aim: To identify effective approaches to recognize diabetes risk and prevent progression to Type 2 diabetes in vulnerable groups, whose diabetes risk may be difficult to identify or manage. Methods: UK-based interventions that assess diabetes risk and/or target known risk factors were identified through four main..Modified release terbutaline (SKP1052) for hypoglycaemia prevention: a proof-of-concept study in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Sep 2012
Modified release terbutaline (SKP1052) for hypoglycaemia prevention: a proof-of-concept study in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Aims: In this randomized, single blind, cross-over study 2.5 mg and 5 mg of the modified-release terbutaline formulation (SKP-1052) were compared with conventional immediate-release terbutaline (IRT, 5 mg) and placebo on overnight blood glucose (BG) and hypoglycaemia in 30 subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus...Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) improves glycemic control in oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA)-treated type 2 diabetes (SMBG-OHA Study)
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Sep 2012
Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) improves glycemic control in oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA)-treated type 2 diabetes (SMBG-OHA Study)
Background: We conducted a clinical research study to determine the effect of SMBG on glycemic control and the value of a putatively less painful blood sampling technique on SMBG in OHA-treated type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients because SMBG was not broadly applied in non-insulin-treated patients in Japan. Methods: One..Birth weight influences the clinical phenotype and the metabolic control of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D)
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Sep 2012
Birth weight influences the clinical phenotype and the metabolic control of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D)
Background: High birth weight has been related to an increased risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D), while suboptimal birth weight (both high and low) has been related to obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Insulin resistance, as a consequence of poor metabolic control, has been described in T1D patients...The burden of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in an urban population of Sri Lanka
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
The burden of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in an urban population of Sri Lanka
Aims: To describe the burden of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in middle-aged residents (35–64 years) in an urban area of Sri Lanka. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Ragama Medical Officer of Health area, from which 2986 participants (1349 men and 1637 women) were randomly selected..Vibration thresholds are increased at low frequencies in the sole of the foot in diabetes a novel multi-frequency approach
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Vibration thresholds are increased at low frequencies in the sole of the foot in diabetes a novel multi-frequency approach
Aims: To evaluate multi-frequency tactilometry as a method to measure vibrotactile sense in the sole of the foot in subjects with diabetes. Methods: Vibration thresholds were investigated at five frequencies (8, 16, 32, 64 and 125 Hz) at three sites (first and fifth metatarsal heads and heel) in the sole of the foot in..Cardiovascular Risk in the Young Type 1 Diabetes Population with a Low 10-Year, but High Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Sep 2012
Cardiovascular Risk in the Young Type 1 Diabetes Population with a Low 10-Year, but High Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Diabetes mellitus is associated with excess cardiovascular mortality that is evident in all age groups, but is most pronounced in young people with type 1 diabetes. Cardiovascular risk estimation models generally estimate the probability of future events over a 10-year time horizon. Due to the dependency on age,..The Role of Adipokines in Beta-Cell Failure of Type 2 Diabetes
Journal of Endocrinology
Sep 2012
The Role of Adipokines in Beta-Cell Failure of Type 2 Diabetes
Beta-cell failure coupled with insulin resistance is a key factor in the development of type 2 diabetes. Changes in circulating levels of adipokines, factors released from adipose tissue, form a significant link between excessive adiposity in obesity and both aforementioned factors. In this review we consider the..The impact of culturally competent diabetes care interventions for improving diabetes-related outcomes in ethnic minority groups: a systematic review
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
The impact of culturally competent diabetes care interventions for improving diabetes-related outcomes in ethnic minority groups: a systematic review
Aim: To examine the evidence on culturally competent interventions tailored to the needs of people with diabetes from ethnic minority groups. Methods: MEDLINE (NHS Evidence), CINAHL and reference lists of retrieved papers were searched from inception to September 2011; two National Health Service specialist libraries..Vitamin supplementation and blood pressure in Type 2 diabetes
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Vitamin supplementation and blood pressure in Type 2 diabetes
Aims: Vitamin D levels are inversely related to blood pressure. Given that low sun exposure can create a greater reliance on dietary sources of vitamin D, we aimed to determine whether dietary vitamin D and blood pressure associations differ between periods of low and high sun exposure. Methods: Dietary intake, vitamin..Monotherapy with the once-weekly GLP-1 analogue dulaglutide for 12 weeks in patients with Type 2 diabetes: dose-dependent effects on glycaemic control in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Monotherapy with the once-weekly GLP-1 analogue dulaglutide for 12 weeks in patients with Type 2 diabetes: dose-dependent effects on glycaemic control in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Aims: Evaluate dose-dependent effects of once-weekly dulaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on glycaemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes treated with lifestyle measures with or without previous metformin. Methods: This 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose–response trial randomized 167..Number and sex ratio of children and impact of parental diabetes in individuals with Type 1 diabetes
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Number and sex ratio of children and impact of parental diabetes in individuals with Type 1 diabetes
Objective: To assess the number and sex ratio of children in individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and the influence of parental diabetes on age at onset of Type 1 diabetes in our cohort. Methods: In a cross-sectional study in a German region comprising 350 000 inhabitants, 697 subjects with Type 1 diabetes (364..Decreased GAD65-specific Th1/Tc1 phenotype in children with Type 1 diabetes treated with GAD-alum
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Decreased GAD65-specific Th1/Tc1 phenotype in children with Type 1 diabetes treated with GAD-alum
Aim: The balance between T helper cell subsets is an important regulator of the immune system and is often examined after immune therapies. We aimed to study the immunomodulatory effect of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 formulated with aluminium hydroxide (GAD-alum) in children with Type 1 diabetes, focusing on..The impact of insulin administration during the mixed meal tolerance test
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
The impact of insulin administration during the mixed meal tolerance test
Aims: The mixed meal tolerance test is the gold standard measure of endogenous insulin secretion. Practical issues limit the routine clinical use of this test, including omitting insulin prior to the ingestion of a high-carbohydrate liquid mixed meal, which can result in marked hyperglycaemia. We aimed to assess..High normal HbA1c levels were associated with impaired insulin secretion without escalating insulin resistance in Japanese individuals: the Toranomon Hospital Health Management Center Study 8 (TOPICS 8)
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
High normal HbA1c levels were associated with impaired insulin secretion without escalating insulin resistance in Japanese individuals: the Toranomon Hospital Health Management Center Study 8 (TOPICS 8)
Aims: We aimed to characterize the association of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion and β-cell dysfunction in relation to HbA1c levels in a non-diabetic range in Japanese individuals without clinically diagnosed diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1444 individuals without a history of..Type 1 diabetes in pre-school children – long-term metabolic control, associated autoimmunity and complications
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Type 1 diabetes in pre-school children – long-term metabolic control, associated autoimmunity and complications
Aims: To identify clinical characteristics and co-morbidity rates of children diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes mellitus at younger than 6 years of age. Methods: Data were obtained from a retrospective chart review of 103 patients diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes at younger than 6 years (study group) and 220 patients at..Urinary markers of renal inflammation in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and normoalbuminuria
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Urinary markers of renal inflammation in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and normoalbuminuria
Aims: Patients with the highest albumin:creatinine ratio within the normal range are at an increased risk for developing microalbuminuria. The mechanistic basis for this is unknown, but may be related to renal inflammation. Our goal was to characterize the urinary excretion of cytokines/chemokines in normoalbuminuric..Facilitating children’s contributions in clinic? Findings from an in-depth qualitative study with children with Type 1 diabetes
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Facilitating children’s contributions in clinic? Findings from an in-depth qualitative study with children with Type 1 diabetes
Aims: There is a policy drive for children to contribute more directly in clinic visits. However, this has yet to be routinely achieved in practice and relatively little is known to date about younger children’s views of their illness and care. This in-depth qualitative study set out to explore the experiences of..Insulin initiation and management in people with Type 2 diabetes in an ethnically diverse population: the healthcare provider perspective
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Insulin initiation and management in people with Type 2 diabetes in an ethnically diverse population: the healthcare provider perspective
Aim: To explore barriers to prescribing of insulin, particularly delays in initiation, from the perspective of healthcare professionals involved in managing Type 2 diabetes in a multi-ethnic setting. Methods: The study was carried out in a UK population with high numbers of people of South Asian (mainly Indian) origin...Effect of primary percutaneous coronary intervention on stress hyperglycaemia in myocardial infarction
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Effect of primary percutaneous coronary intervention on stress hyperglycaemia in myocardial infarction
Aim: To measure the effect of primary percutaneous coronary intervention on stress hyperglycaemia induced by ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: We measured blood glucose before primary percutaneous coronary intervention and 1 h after intervention in all patients presenting with ST segment elevation..Costs of paediatric diabetes care in Germany: current situation and comparison with the year 2000
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Costs of paediatric diabetes care in Germany: current situation and comparison with the year 2000
Aims: To estimate direct costs of paediatric Type 1 diabetes care and associated factors in Germany for the year 2007 and to compare results with the costs for the year 2000. Methods: Our study includes clinical data and charges for any diabetes-related health care service of 14 185 continually treated subjects with..Plasma C-peptide concentration in women with Type 1 diabetes during early and late pregnancy
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Plasma C-peptide concentration in women with Type 1 diabetes during early and late pregnancy
Aims: There are previous suggestions of increased C-peptide concentration in women with Type 1 diabetes during pregnancy. Our aim was to re-evaluate the hypothesis of a pregnancy-induced increase by measuring plasma C-peptide concentration in women with stable blood glucose control under standardized fasting and..How does physical activity and fitness influence glycaemic control in young people with Type 1 diabetes?
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
How does physical activity and fitness influence glycaemic control in young people with Type 1 diabetes?
Aims: To assess physical activity and fitness levels of young people with Type 1 diabetes compared with siblings without diabetes, and to investigate the association between physical activity, physical fitness and glycaemic control (HbA1c) in those young people with diabetes. Methods: The study consisted of 97 young..Effectiveness of peer-led self-management coaching for patients recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care: a randomized controlled trial
Diabetic Medicine
Sep 2012
Effectiveness of peer-led self-management coaching for patients recently diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care: a randomized controlled trial
Aims: To study the effectiveness of a peer-led self-management coaching intervention in recently diagnosed patients with Type 2 diabetes. Methods: Randomized controlled trial of recently diagnosed patients with Type 2 diabetes from 54 participating general practices. The intervention group received three home visits by..The safety and efficacy of adding once-daily insulin detemir to oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes in a clinical practice setting in 10 countries
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Aug 2012
The safety and efficacy of adding once-daily insulin detemir to oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes in a clinical practice setting in 10 countries
Aims: Evaluate the safety and efficacy of once-daily insulin detemir initiated in routine clinical practice in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs). Methods: This large observational study was conducted in 10 countries. Adverse event data (including..Impact of diabetes duration and chronic pancreatitis on the association between type 2 diabetes and pancreatic cancer risk
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Aug 2012
Impact of diabetes duration and chronic pancreatitis on the association between type 2 diabetes and pancreatic cancer risk
Aim: To examine the impact of diabetes duration, chronic pancreatitis and other factors on pancreatic cancer risk. Methods: This retrospective cohort study using the UK General Practice Research Database compared pancreatic cancer incidence and risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) versus patients..Investigation of intracellular signalling cascades mediating stimulatory effect of a Gymnema sylvestre extract on insulin secretion from isolated mouse and human islets of Langerhans
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Aug 2012
Investigation of intracellular signalling cascades mediating stimulatory effect of a Gymnema sylvestre extract on insulin secretion from isolated mouse and human islets of Langerhans
Aim: Traditional plant-based remedies such as Gymnema sylvestre (GS) extracts have been used to treat diabetes mellitus for many centuries. We have shown previously that a novel GS extract, OSA®, has a direct effect on insulin secretion but its mode of action has not been studied in detail Thus this study investigated..Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple-ascending doses of the novel glucokinase activator AZD1656 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Jul 2012
Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple-ascending doses of the novel glucokinase activator AZD1656 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Aims: To assess the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of multiple-ascending doses of the novel glucokinase activator AZD1656 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled, monotherapy study was carried out in two parts. In part A, 32 patients..Effect of anti-IL-1β antibody (canakinumab) on insulin secretion rates in impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Jul 2012
Effect of anti-IL-1β antibody (canakinumab) on insulin secretion rates in impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Aims: Evaluate anti-interleukin-1β (IL-1β) antibody, canakinumab, in patients with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in whom hyperglycaemia may trigger IL-1β-associated inflammation leading to suppressed insulin secretion and β-cell dysfunction. Methods: This 4-week, parallel-group study randomized..Comparison of safety and tolerability with continuous (exenatide once weekly) or intermittent (exenatide twice daily) GLP-1 receptor agonism in patients with type 2 diabetes
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Jul 2012
Comparison of safety and tolerability with continuous (exenatide once weekly) or intermittent (exenatide twice daily) GLP-1 receptor agonism in patients with type 2 diabetes
Aims: Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist shown to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Intermittent exenatide exposure is achieved with the twice-daily formulation (ExBID), while the once-weekly formulation (ExQW) provides continuous exenatide exposure. This..Factors associated with injection omission/non-adherence in the Global Attitudes of Patients and Physicians in Insulin Therapy study
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Jul 2012
Factors associated with injection omission/non-adherence in the Global Attitudes of Patients and Physicians in Insulin Therapy study
Aim: To examine factors associated with insulin injection omission/non-adherence on a global basis. Methods: Telephone survey of 1530 insulin-treated adults with self-reported diabetes (110 type 1 and 1420 type 2) in China, France, Japan, Germany, Spain, Turkey, UK or USA. Participants had a mean age of ~60 years, ~15..Longer term safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
May 2012
Longer term safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are oral antidiabetic agents that hold the potential of slowing the progress of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Their long-term safety is still a subject of debate. A systematic review of randomized, controlled trials was undertaken to comprehensively profile the safety of chronic..Insulinemia and the risk of breast cancer and its relapse
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
May 2012
Insulinemia and the risk of breast cancer and its relapse
A fairly large body of evidence has shown that insulin is a tumour-promoting agent, especially for breast cancer. High circulating and microenvironmental levels of insulin may directly increase the risk of breast cancer via the activation of cognate receptors expressed on normal and cancer cells and indirectly be..Societal correlates of diabetes prevalence: An analysis across 94 countries
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Dec 2011
Societal correlates of diabetes prevalence: An analysis across 94 countries
Aims: To quantify relationships between societal-level factors and diabetes prevalence and identify potential policy responses. Methods: Using data from International Diabetes Federation, World Health Organization, World Bank, and Food and Agricultural Organization, we extracted recent estimates for country-level..Elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine in plasma: An early marker for endothelial dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Dec 2011
Elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine in plasma: An early marker for endothelial dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with cardiovascular disease. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a novel marker of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. We aimed to investigate circulating ADMA concentrations in biopsy proven NAFLD and also to search its association with carotid..Hypothalamic serotonin-insulin signaling cross-talk and alterations in a type 2 diabetic model
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Dec 2011
Hypothalamic serotonin-insulin signaling cross-talk and alterations in a type 2 diabetic model
Serotonin and insulin are key regulators of homeostatic mechanisms in the hypothalamus. However, in type 2 diabetes, the hypothalamic responsiveness to serotonin is not clearly established. We used a diabetic model, the Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats, to explore insulin receptor expression, insulin and serotonin efficiency in..PKCβ inhibition with ruboxistaurin reduces oxidative stress and attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfuntion in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes
Clinical Science
Sep 2011
PKCβ inhibition with ruboxistaurin reduces oxidative stress and attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfuntion in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes
A, late peak velocity of diastolic filling; DHE, dihydroethidium; E, peak velocity of early diastolic filling; EF, ejection fraction; FS, fractional shortening; H&E, haematoxylin and eosin; HR, heart rate; IVRT, isovolumic relaxation time; IVSd, interventricular septal thickness in diastole; IVSs, interventricular..Interaction between gonadotropin-releasing hormone and bone morphogenetic protein-6 and -7 signaling in LbetaT2 gonadotrope cells.
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Aug 2011
Interaction between gonadotropin-releasing hormone and bone morphogenetic protein-6 and -7 signaling in LbetaT2 gonadotrope cells.
It is known that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulate gonadotropin transcription and production by pituitary gonadotrope cells. However, the role of BMPs in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-induced FSH production remains uncertain. Here, we describe a functional link between BMP-6 and BMP-7 signals and FSH..Modulation of AT-1R/MAPK cascade by an olmesartan treatment attenuates diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Jul 2011
Modulation of AT-1R/MAPK cascade by an olmesartan treatment attenuates diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
There is increasing evidence that angiotensin (Ang)-II plays an unprecedented role in diabetic complications. It could also be an important therapeutic target for ameliorating various diseases, especially diabetic nephropathy (DN). We therefore studied the beneficial effects of olmesartan, an Ang-II type 1 receptor..Telmisartan reduces neointima volume and pulse wave velocity 8 months after zotarolimus-eluting stent implantation in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients
Heart
Jun 2011
Telmisartan reduces neointima volume and pulse wave velocity 8 months after zotarolimus-eluting stent implantation in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients
Objective: Telmisartan is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activator with potent anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic effects. The authors compared the effects of telmisartan and valsartan on neointima volume, atherosclerosis progression and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) after stenting in..Dysfunction of pre- and post-operative cardiac autonomic nervous system in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Jan 2011
Dysfunction of pre- and post-operative cardiac autonomic nervous system in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus
The pre- and post-operative cardiac autonomic nervous functions were compared in elderly, non-cardiac surgery patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and without diabetes mellitus (NDM). A group of 30 unpremedicated elderly patients scheduled to undergo elective non-cardiac surgery were studied, including 15 DM patients..Early diabetic changes in the nerve fibre layer at the macula detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography
The British Journal of Ophthalmology
Jan 2011
Early diabetic changes in the nerve fibre layer at the macula detected by spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Aim: To detect early nerve fibre layer (NFL) changes around the optic disc and macula in diabetic patients using Cirrus HD-optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: Forty normal patients without any optic nerve or retinal disease, 37 patients with diabetes with no diabetic retinopathy (NDR) and 89 patients with..
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