Central Nervous System Medical Journal Abstracts
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Value of quantitative sensory testing in neurological and pain disorders: NEUPSIG consensus
PAIN
Jun 2013
Value of quantitative sensory testing in neurological and pain disorders: NEUPSIG consensus
Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a psychophysical method used to quantify somatosensory function in response to controlled stimuli in healthy subjects and patients. Although QST shares similarities with the quantitative assessment of hearing or vision, which is extensively used in clinical practice and research,..Duloxetine and pregabalin: High-dose monotherapy or their combination? The “COMBO-DN study” – a multinational, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain
PAIN
Jun 2013
Duloxetine and pregabalin: High-dose monotherapy or their combination? The “COMBO-DN study” – a multinational, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain
This multicentre, double-blind, parallel-group study in diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain addressed whether, in patients not responding to standard doses of duloxetine or pregabalin, combining both medications is superior to increasing each drug to its maximum recommended dose. For initial 8-week therapy either 60..Induction of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) and Its Receptor CCR2 in Primary Sensory Neurons Contributes to Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
The Journal of Pain
Jun 2013
Induction of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) and Its Receptor CCR2 in Primary Sensory Neurons Contributes to Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
The use of paclitaxel (Taxol), a microtubule stabilizer, for cancer treatment is often limited by its associated peripheral neuropathy (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy [CIPN]), which predominantly results in sensory dysfunction, including chronic pain. Here we show that paclitaxel CIPN was associated with..Quality of life (QoL) in community-dwelling and institutionalized Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
May 2013
Quality of life (QoL) in community-dwelling and institutionalized Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients
The purpose of this study was to describe and compare QoL and its determinants in two groups of patients with AD that differed in place of residence: community or nursing home. This study covered 200 patients with AD (mean age 79.3±8.2 years, 74% female). Fifty-four per cent of the subjects were living in a nursing..Backing up the stories: The psychological and social costs of chronic low-back pain
International Journal of Spine Surgery
May 2013
Backing up the stories: The psychological and social costs of chronic low-back pain
Background: Chronic low-back pain is a widespread condition whose significance is overlooked. Previous studies have analyzed and evaluated the medical costs and physical symptoms of chronic low-back pain; however, few have looked beyond these factors. The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the personal..Interaction of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes on cognition in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI)
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
May 2013
Interaction of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes on cognition in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI)
The clinical implications of WMHs in aMCI are inconclusive. Moreover, clinical interactions between APOE genotypes and WMHs remain unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between WMHs and cognitive functions and how this relationship interacted with APOE genotype in people with aMCI. This..A rare cause of chronic sciatic pain: Schwannoma of the sciatic nerve
Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
May 2013
A rare cause of chronic sciatic pain: Schwannoma of the sciatic nerve
Schwannomas are common, benign tumors of the shelth of peripheral nerves. Sciatic schwannomas are rare. Their symptomatology usually mimics sciatic pain due to a herniated disc, which can delay the diagnosis. If there is no lumbar pain and lumbar MRI is normal, the sciatic nerve must be clinically and radiologically..Life-threatening hypokalemia following rapid correction of respiratory acidosis
Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care
May 2013
Life-threatening hypokalemia following rapid correction of respiratory acidosis
A 56-year-old woman with a history of paraplegia and chronic pain due to neuromyelitis optica (Devic's syndrome) was admitted to a spinal cord injury unit for management of a sacral decubitus ulcer. During the hospitalization, she required emergency transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU) because of progressive..Bilateral Subdural Hematomas after Lumboperitoneal Shunt Placement
Journal of Emergency Medicine
May 2013
Bilateral Subdural Hematomas after Lumboperitoneal Shunt Placement
Background: Lumboperitoneal shunts are commonly placed as treatment for a variety of conditions, and complications can be significant. Objectives: We discuss a rare complication of these shunts, namely bilateral non-traumatic subdural hematoma formation. Case Report: A patient with a normal neurologic examination but..Hyperglycaemia promotes cerebral barrier dysfunction through activation of protein kinase C-β
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
Apr 2013
Hyperglycaemia promotes cerebral barrier dysfunction through activation of protein kinase C-β
Aims: To examine whether protein kinase C (PKC) and associated downstream mechanisms are involved in hyperglycaemia (HG)-evoked blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. Methods: The activities of total PKC (Peptag assay), NADPH oxidase (lucigenin assay) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2; gelatin zymography) were measured..Newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis in state of Qatar
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Feb 2013
Newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis in state of Qatar
Background: Epidemiologic studies on multiple sclerosis (MS) are well-documented in the western population but to a lesser extent in Arab world. Objective: To study the demographics, clinical aspects, radiologic and laboratory features along with the degree of disability inflicted, and factors affecting disease..Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis: A sonographer-blinded case-control study
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Feb 2013
Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis: A sonographer-blinded case-control study
Objectives: To evaluate the presence of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and cerebral venous anomalies in a consecutive series of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), other neurologic diseases (NEU) and healthy controls (HC). Methods: A consecutive series of 80 MS patients, 41 HC and 40 NEU cases..Magnetoencephalography localizing spike sources of atypical benign partial epilepsy
Brain and Development
Feb 2013
Magnetoencephalography localizing spike sources of atypical benign partial epilepsy
Rationale: Atypical benign partial epilepsy (ABPE) is characterized by centro-temporal electroencephalography (EEG) spikes, continuous spike and waves during sleep (CSWS), and multiple seizure types including epileptic negative myoclonus (ENM), but not tonic seizures. This study evaluated the localization of..Subacute peripheral and optic neuropathy syndrome with no evidence of a toxic or nutritional cause
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Feb 2013
Subacute peripheral and optic neuropathy syndrome with no evidence of a toxic or nutritional cause
Background: The syndrome of subacute simultaneous peripheral neuropathy and bilateral optic neuropathy is known to occur in tropical countries, probably due to malnutrition or toxicity, but not often seen in developed countries. We report seven patients in London who were not malnourished or alcoholic, and in whom no..A neurodevelopmental basis for BECTS: Evidence from structural MRI
Epilepsy Research
Feb 2013
A neurodevelopmental basis for BECTS: Evidence from structural MRI
Purpose: BECTS (benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes) is one of the most common childhood-onset epilepsy syndromes. We investigated quantitative evidence for brain morphological variation associated with BECTS to provide insights into the neuroanatomical basis of this disorder. Methods: Three independent BECTS..Calculating the tumor volume of acoustic neuromas: Comparison of ABC/2 formula with planimetry method
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Feb 2013
Calculating the tumor volume of acoustic neuromas: Comparison of ABC/2 formula with planimetry method
Objective: The ABC/2 equation is commonly applied to measure the volume of intracranial hematoma. However, the precision of ABC/2 equation in estimating the tumor volume of acoustic neuromas is less addressed. The study is to evaluate the accuracy of the ABC/2 formula by comparing with planimetry method for estimating..Fish oil attenuates methylmalonate-induced seizures
Epilepsy Research
Feb 2013
Fish oil attenuates methylmalonate-induced seizures
Methylmalonic acidemias are inherited metabolic disorders characterized by methylmalonate (MMA) accumulation and neurological dysfunction, including seizures. Dietary fatty acids are known as an important energy source and reduce seizure activity in selected acute animal models. This study investigated whether chronic..Tracking the source of cerebellar epilepsy: Hemifacial seizures associated with cerebellar cortical dysplasia
Epilepsy Research
Feb 2013
Tracking the source of cerebellar epilepsy: Hemifacial seizures associated with cerebellar cortical dysplasia
Traditionally, subcortical structures such as the cerebellum are supposed to exert a modulatory effect on epileptic seizures, rather than being the primary seizure generator. We report a 14-month old girl presenting, since birth, with seizures symptomatic of a right cerebellar dysplasia, manifested as paroxystic..AD dementia risk in late MCI, in early MCI, and in subjective memory impairment
Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
Feb 2013
AD dementia risk in late MCI, in early MCI, and in subjective memory impairment
Objective: To compare the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia in late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI), early MCI (EMCI), and subjective memory impairment (SMI) with normal test performance. Methods: The baseline sample (n = 2892) of the prospective cohort study in nondemented individuals (German Study..Diagnostic accuracy of markers for prodromal Alzheimer's disease in independent clinical series
Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
Feb 2013
Diagnostic accuracy of markers for prodromal Alzheimer's disease in independent clinical series
Objective: To capitalize on data from different clinical series to compare sensitivity and specificity of individual biomarkers for predicting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Medial temporal atrophy, cortical hypometabolism, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers were..Disability in atypical parkinsonian syndromes is more dependent on memory dysfunction than motor symptoms
Parkinsonism and Related Disorders
Feb 2013
Disability in atypical parkinsonian syndromes is more dependent on memory dysfunction than motor symptoms
Background: There is a gap in the systematic description and investigation of functional disability in corticobasal syndrome (CBS) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Additionally, the relations between disability, apraxia, cognitive and behavioural changes are not well understood in atypical parkinsonian..Florbetapir (F18-AV-45) PET to assess amyloid burden in Alzheimer's disease dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and normal aging
Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
Feb 2013
Florbetapir (F18-AV-45) PET to assess amyloid burden in Alzheimer's disease dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and normal aging
Objective: To evaluate the performance characteristics of florbetapir F18 positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and healthy control subjects (HCs). Methods: Florbetapir PET was acquired in 184 subjects (45 AD patients, 60 MCI patients, and 79 HCs)..Focal hemosiderin deposits and β-amyloid load in the ADNI cohort
Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
Feb 2013
Focal hemosiderin deposits and β-amyloid load in the ADNI cohort
Background: Prevalence and risk factors for focal hemosiderin deposits are important considerations when planning amyloid-modifying trials for treatment and prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Subjects were cognitively normal (n = 171), early-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 240), late-MCI (n = 111),..Improving dementia care: The role of screening and detection of cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
Feb 2013
Improving dementia care: The role of screening and detection of cognitive impairment
The value of screening for cognitive impairment, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease, has been debated for decades. Recent research on causes of and treatments for cognitive impairment has converged to challenge previous thinking about screening for cognitive impairment. Consequently, changes have occurred in..Inhalation of 10% carbon dioxide rapidly terminates Scn1a mutation-related hyperthermia-induced seizures
Epilepsy Research
Feb 2013
Inhalation of 10% carbon dioxide rapidly terminates Scn1a mutation-related hyperthermia-induced seizures
The aim of this study was to assess the anticonvulsant effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) on Scn1a mutation-related febrile seizures. We examined physiological changes in the blood gas levels after the induction of hyperthermia-induced seizures (HISs), which were associated with the Scn1a missense mutation. We determined..New ELISAs with high specificity for soluble oligomers of amyloid β-protein detect natural Aβ oligomers in human brain but not CSF
Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
Feb 2013
New ELISAs with high specificity for soluble oligomers of amyloid β-protein detect natural Aβ oligomers in human brain but not CSF
Background: Soluble oligomers of amyloid ß-protein (Aß) have been increasingly linked to synaptic dysfunction, tau alteration, and neuritic dystrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mouse models. There is a great need for assays that quantify Aß oligomers with high specificity and sensitivity. Methods: We designed and..Reduced contribution of executive functions in impaired working memory performance in mild traumatic brain injury patients
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Feb 2013
Reduced contribution of executive functions in impaired working memory performance in mild traumatic brain injury patients
Aim: Mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) is associated with often selective impairment of both working memory (WM) and the executive functions (EFs). Research indicates that one of the commonest deficits present in MTBI patients falls in the domain of WM. We aimed to investigate the role of EFs in WM impairment..White matter hyperintensities and amyloid are independently associated with entorhinal cortex volume among individuals with mild cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association
Feb 2013
White matter hyperintensities and amyloid are independently associated with entorhinal cortex volume among individuals with mild cognitive impairment
Background: Current hypothetical models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis emphasize the role of β-amyloid (Aβ), tau deposition, and neurodegenerative changes in the mesial temporal lobe, particularly the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. However, many individuals with clinical AD who come to autopsy also..Epidemiology and trend of neurological diseases associated to HIV/AIDS. Experience of Mexican patients 1995–2009
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Epidemiology and trend of neurological diseases associated to HIV/AIDS. Experience of Mexican patients 1995–2009
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the main neurological conditions associated with HIV/AIDS in Mexican patients treated at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery (NINN) in Mexico city, the main referral center for patients with disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system...Genetic expression profiles of adult and pediatric ependymomas: Molecular pathways, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Genetic expression profiles of adult and pediatric ependymomas: Molecular pathways, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic targets
Ependymomas are tumors that can present within either the intracranial or spinal regions. While 90% of all pediatric ependymomas are intracranial, spinal cord ependymomas are more commonly found in patients 20–40 years old. Treatment for spinal lesions has achieved local control rates up to 100% following gross total..Premonitory urges for tics in adult patients with Tourette syndrome
Brain and Development
Jan 2013
Premonitory urges for tics in adult patients with Tourette syndrome
Objective: Patients with Tourette syndrome (TS) often report characteristic sensory experiences, also called premonitory urges (PUs), which precede tic expression and have high diagnostic relevance. This study investigated the usefulness of a scale developed and validated in children and adolescents–the Premonitory..Characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy with no ictal impairment of consciousness
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy with no ictal impairment of consciousness
Introduction: The predominant manifestations of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) are partial seizures with impairment of consciousness (type I.B of ILAE classification), although consciousness impairment is not necessary in all seizures of patients with TLE. Nevertheless, there have been very few reports of TLE patients..Ketamine use in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus
Epilepsy Research
Jan 2013
Ketamine use in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus
Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) occurs when status epilepticus (SE) fails to respond to appropriate therapy with typical antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Animal studies have shown ketamine to be a highly efficacious agent in this setting, but very few case reports describe use of ketamine in human SE or RSE. We report a..Nocturnal carbon dioxide monitoring in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Nocturnal carbon dioxide monitoring in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension may be associated with sleep apnea. This study evaluated the incidence of sleep breathing disorders in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Materials and Methods: Overnight respiratory monitoring was performed in 22 untreated patients with idiopathic..Effects of anesthetic agents on seizure-induction with intra-cortical injection of convulsants
Epilepsy Research
Jan 2013
Effects of anesthetic agents on seizure-induction with intra-cortical injection of convulsants
Rationale: Studies of partial or generalized seizure pathophysiology often require the use of intact animals. Additionally, anesthesia may be required for ethical reasons or paralysis if instrumental measures require immobilization. We examined three commonly used injected anesthetic for their impact on seizures..Ketogenic diet for infantile spasms refractory to first-line treatments: An open prospective study
Epilepsy Research
Jan 2013
Ketogenic diet for infantile spasms refractory to first-line treatments: An open prospective study
Ketogenic diet (KD) is an efficient treatment for refractory epilepsy including infantile spasms (IS). We evaluated the effect of a KD to treat IS as a third-line treatment, after vigabatrin (VGB) and steroids. We evaluated the efficacy and the tolerability of KD in IS using the rate of seizure-free patients at 1..Microsurgical clipping of previously coiled intracranial aneurysms
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Microsurgical clipping of previously coiled intracranial aneurysms
Objective: Endovascular coiling techniques for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms have rapidly developed as an alternative option to surgical clipping. A distinct problem after endovascular coiling is the management of a residual aneurysm neck due to incomplete filling, compaction of coils or regrowth of the..Mislocalization of AQP4 precedes chronic seizures in the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy
Epilepsy Research
Jan 2013
Mislocalization of AQP4 precedes chronic seizures in the kainate model of temporal lobe epilepsy
It has been suggested that loss of the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) from perivascular endfeet in sclerotic hippocampi contributes to increased seizure propensity in human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Whether this loss occurs prior to or as a consequence of epilepsy development remains to be..MRI findings after hyperbaric oxygen-induced seizures
Epilepsy Research
Jan 2013
MRI findings after hyperbaric oxygen-induced seizures
Hyperbaric oxygen-induced seizures are classified as generalized, tonic-clonic seizures. They are believed to cause no residual neurologic damage, although this has not been investigated in depth. We used different MRI sequences to determine whether hyperbaric oxygen-induced seizures in mice caused brain structural..Differentiation of pure vasogenic edema and tumor-infiltrated edema in patients with peritumoral edema by analyzing the relationship of axial and radial diffusivities on 3.0T MRI
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Differentiation of pure vasogenic edema and tumor-infiltrated edema in patients with peritumoral edema by analyzing the relationship of axial and radial diffusivities on 3.0T MRI
Object: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in peritumoral edema of high grade glioma, metastasis, and meningioma, and to differentiate tumor-infiltrated edema from pure vasogenic edema. Materials and methods: Twenty patients with high-grade..Partial seizures during ACTH therapy in a cryptogenic West syndrome patient
Brain and Development
Jan 2013
Partial seizures during ACTH therapy in a cryptogenic West syndrome patient
Background: Partial seizures often develop during the clinical course of infantile spasms. Herein, we report a boy with cryptogenic West syndrome, who developed partial seizures that we suspected were induced by the ACTH therapy. Subject: The patient developed cryptogenic West syndrome at six months of age and ACTH..Image guidance to improve reliability and data integrity of transcranial Doppler sonography
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Image guidance to improve reliability and data integrity of transcranial Doppler sonography
Background: Principles and accuracy of image-guided transcranial Doppler (IG TCD) sonography have been published recently. However, it remains open whether combination of image guidance and TCD offers an additional clinical advantage. This study scores the accuracy of conventional TCD examinations and investigates the..Isolated brainstem cysticercosis: A review
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
Jan 2013
Isolated brainstem cysticercosis: A review
Objective: Review of patients with isolated brainstem cysticercus to outline the features of this form of neurocysticercosis. Methods: MEDLINE and manual search of patients with isolated brainstem cysticercus. Abstracted data included: demographic profile, clinical manifestations, neuroimaging findings, evolutive stage..A case of neonatal human parechovirus encephalitis with a favourable outcome
Brain and Development
Jan 2013
A case of neonatal human parechovirus encephalitis with a favourable outcome
Human parechoviruses (HPeVs) are a new family of neurotropic viruses that cause central nervous system (CNS) infections similar to enterovirus (EVs) meningoencephalitis in the neonatal period, resulting in white matter lesions that can be visualized with cranial ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging, and..Mental healthcare efforts for the public after the Great East Japan Earthquake: “Guide to Good Mental Health for Those Affected by Natural Disasters” published by the Cabinet Office
Brain and Development
Jan 2013
Mental healthcare efforts for the public after the Great East Japan Earthquake: “Guide to Good Mental Health for Those Affected by Natural Disasters” published by the Cabinet Office
One year after the Great East Japan Earthquake, the Office of Policy for Suicide Prevention of the Cabinet Office published and distributed three stages of pamphlets under the supervision of the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, promoting understanding about mental healthcare for those affected by natural..Protocol for the perfusion and angiography imaging sub-study of the Third International Stroke Trial (IST-3) of alteplase treatment within six-hours of acute ischemic stroke
International Journal of Stroke
Jan 2013
Protocol for the perfusion and angiography imaging sub-study of the Third International Stroke Trial (IST-3) of alteplase treatment within six-hours of acute ischemic stroke
Rationale: Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue Plasminogen Activator improves outcomes in patients treated early after stroke but at the risk of causing intracranial hemorrhage. Restricting recombinant tissue Plasminogen Activator use to patients with evidence of still salvageable tissue, or with definite..Longitudinal measures of cholinergic forebrain atrophy in the transition from healthy aging to Alzheimer's disease
Neurobiology of Aging
Nov 2012
Longitudinal measures of cholinergic forebrain atrophy in the transition from healthy aging to Alzheimer's disease
Recent evidence from cross-sectional in vivo imaging studies suggests that atrophy of the cholinergic basal forebrain (BF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be distinguished from normal age-related degeneration even at predementia stages of the disease. Longitudinal study designs are needed to specify the dynamics of BF..Lower cognitive reserve in the aging human immunodeficiency virus-infected brain
Neurobiology of Aging
Nov 2012
Lower cognitive reserve in the aging human immunodeficiency virus-infected brain
More HIV-infected individuals are living longer; however, how their brain function is affected by aging is not well understood. One hundred twenty-two men (56 seronegative control [SN] subjects, 37 HIV subjects with normal cognition [HIV+NC], 29 with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder [HAND]) performed..Matrix metalloproteinase-12 contributes to neuroinflammation in the aged brain
Neurobiology of Aging
Nov 2012
Matrix metalloproteinase-12 contributes to neuroinflammation in the aged brain
During aging the brain displays an increased proinflammatory status, which is associated with the pathogenesis of aging-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) facilitate the migration of inflammatory cells in tissues and modulate their inflammatory activity. In..Orally bioavailable small molecule drug protects memory in Alzheimer's disease models
Neurobiology of Aging
Nov 2012
Orally bioavailable small molecule drug protects memory in Alzheimer's disease models
Oligomers of beta-amyloid (Aβ) are implicated in the early memory impairment seen in Alzheimer's disease before to the onset of discernable neurodegeneration. Here, the capacity of a novel orally bioavailable, central nervous system-penetrating small molecule 5-aryloxypyrimidine, SEN1500, to prevent cell-derived (7PA2..Downregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activity by calmodulin KII modulates p21Cip1 levels and survival of immortalized lymphocytes from Alzheimer’s disease
Neurobiology of Aging
Nov 2012
Downregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activity by calmodulin KII modulates p21Cip1 levels and survival of immortalized lymphocytes from Alzheimer’s disease
Previously, we reported a Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent impairment of apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) lymphoblasts. These cell lines showed downregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 activity and elevated content of p21 compared with control cells. The aim of..Supportive evidence for 11 loci from genome-wide association studies in Parkinson's disease
Neurobiology of Aging
Nov 2012
Supportive evidence for 11 loci from genome-wide association studies in Parkinson's disease
Genome-wide association studies have identified a number of susceptibility loci in sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent larger studies and meta-analyses have greatly expanded the list of proposed association signals. We performed a case-control replication study in a Scandinavian population, analyzing samples from..History of depression prior to Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia verified post-mortem
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Oct 2012
History of depression prior to Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia verified post-mortem
The aim of this study was to analyze the medical history, with regards to previous remote depression, in patients with neuropathologically verified Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD) and mixed AD/VaD. The 201 patients included (115 AD, 44 VaD and 42 mixed AD/VaD) had been referred to the..Associations between sex hormones and cognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations in vascular dementia (VaD)
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Oct 2012
Associations between sex hormones and cognitive and neuropsychiatric manifestations in vascular dementia (VaD)
Although numerous studies have been carried out to determine the effects of sex hormones on Alzheimer's disease (AD), little is known about the associations between sex hormones and VaD. The aim of this study was to compare serum sex hormone levels between VaD patients and normal controls, and to further determine the..Is increased red cell distribution width (RDW) indicating the inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD)?
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
Oct 2012
Is increased red cell distribution width (RDW) indicating the inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD)?
Increasing evidence indicates that inflammation has a substantial role in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. RDW, a measure of heterogeneity in the size of circulating erythrocytes, is associated with inflammatory markers in many numerous diseases. Present study was undertaken to assess the interrelationships..Efficacy of the pedicled nasoseptal flap without cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion for repair of skull base defects: incidence of postoperative CSF leaks
International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology
Apr 2012
Efficacy of the pedicled nasoseptal flap without cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion for repair of skull base defects: incidence of postoperative CSF leaks
Background: The advances in endoscopic skull base surgery have led to the resection of increasingly larger cranial base lesions and the creation of larger skull base defects with the potential for increased postoperative high-flow cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. These concerns led to the development of the..IGF-1 induces hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-mediated GLUT3 expression through PI3K/Akt/mTOR dependent pathways in PC12 cells
Brain Research
Nov 2011
IGF-1 induces hypoxia-inducible factor 1α-mediated GLUT3 expression through PI3K/Akt/mTOR dependent pathways in PC12 cells
Glucose metabolism is essential for most mammalian neurons, and the passage of glucose across cell membranes is mainly facilitated by glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3). In ischemia/reperfusion injured brains, increase of IGF-1 secretion and GLUT3 up-regulation, are regarded as protective processes. Recent works have shown..High-frequency stimulation of the temporoammonic pathway induces input-specific long-term potentiation in subicular bursting cells
Brain Research
Oct 2011
High-frequency stimulation of the temporoammonic pathway induces input-specific long-term potentiation in subicular bursting cells
The subiculum (Sub) as a part of the hippocampal formation is thought to play a functional role in learning and memory. In addition to its major input from CA1 pyramidal cells, the subiculum receives input from the entorhinal cortex (EC) via the temporoammonic pathway. Thus far, synaptic plasticity in the subiculum was..Intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells of the primate retina express distinct combinations of inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors
Neuroscience
Oct 2011
Intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells of the primate retina express distinct combinations of inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors
Intrinsically-photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) express the photopigment melanopsin and function as irradiance detectors, responsible for crucial non-image forming visual functions. In addition to their intrinsic photosensitivity, ipRGCs are also activated by synaptic inputs originating at the classical..The PIT: SToPP Trial—A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial of Home-Based Physiotherapy for People with Parkinson's Disease Using Video-Based Measures to Preserve Assessor Blinding
Parkinson's Disease
Oct 2011
The PIT: SToPP Trial—A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial of Home-Based Physiotherapy for People with Parkinson's Disease Using Video-Based Measures to Preserve Assessor Blinding
Purpose. To trial four-week's physiotherapy targeting chair transfers for people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) and explore the feasibility of reliance on remote outcome measurement to preserve blinding. Scope. We recruited 47 PwPD and randomised 24 to a focused home physiotherapy programme (exercise, movement..Noise on, voicing off: Speech perception deficits in children with specific language impairment
Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
Sep 2011
Noise on, voicing off: Speech perception deficits in children with specific language impairment
Speech perception of four phonetic categories (voicing, place, manner, and nasality) was investigated in children with specific language impairment (SLI) (n = 20) and age-matched controls (n = 19) in quiet and various noise conditions using an AXB two-alternative forced-choice paradigm. Children with SLI exhibited..Probing the efficacy of peptide-based inhibitors against acid- and zinc-promoted oligomerization of amyloid-β peptide via single-oligomer spectroscopy
Biophysical Chemistry
Sep 2011
Probing the efficacy of peptide-based inhibitors against acid- and zinc-promoted oligomerization of amyloid-β peptide via single-oligomer spectroscopy
One avenue for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease involves inhibiting the aggregation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). Given the deleterious effects reported for Aβ dimers and trimers, it is important to investigate inhibition of the earliest association steps. We have employed quantized photobleaching of..Mycoplasmal cerebral vasculopathy in a lymphoma patient: Presumptive evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae microvascular endothelial cell invasion in a brain biopsy.
Journal of the neurological sciences
Aug 2011
Mycoplasmal cerebral vasculopathy in a lymphoma patient: Presumptive evidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae microvascular endothelial cell invasion in a brain biopsy.
A 73-year-old man had episodic encephalopathy, ataxia and neuropathy. Symptoms largely resolved but adenopathy later lead to the diagnosis of a low-grade follicular lymphoma. The neurological symptoms soon recurred with new pontine calcifications identified by computed tomography. Brain biopsy revealed microvascular..Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome masquerading multiple sclerosis
Journal of the neurological sciences
Aug 2011
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome masquerading multiple sclerosis
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome (GSS) is a rare degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that belongs to the family of human spongiform encephalopathies, or prion diseases. GSS is almost always inherited and mostly carried in an autosomal dominant pattern. Nevertheless, GSS is genetically and..The effects of APOE on the functional architecture of the resting brain
NeuroImage
Aug 2011
The effects of APOE on the functional architecture of the resting brain
There is a well-established association between APOE genotype and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Relative to individuals with the common ε3/ε3 genotype, carriers of the ε4 allele are at increased risk of developing AD, while carriers of the ε2 allele appear to be protected against the disease...
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