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Latest Drugs
Anesthesiology Drug Data - A-Z (English)
Drug Class Description
General anaesthetics.Generic Name
GenericDrug Description
Emulsion for injection.Presentation
Injection, propofol 10mg/mL (1%), 20mg/mL (2%). Available from Zurich Pharmaceuticals.Indications
For induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia. For sedation of artificially ventilated patients in the intensive care unit.Adult Dosage
Less than 55 years, 1.5 - 2.5mg/ kg body weight administered at a rate of approximately 40mg per 10 seconds. For patients at increased risk the administration rate is 20mg per 10 seconds.
Child Dosage
Over 3 years, administer propofol slowly and against the response until clinical signs show the until clinical signs show the onset of anaesthesia. Doses should be adjusted for age and body weight. Children over 8 years require approximately 2.5mg/kg; below 8 years, dose requirement may be higher (2.5 - 4mg/kg). Under 3 years, not recommended.Elderly Dosage
Over 55 years, generally require a lower dose.Contra Indications
Hypersensitivity to propofol or to one of the excipients. Pregnancy (except in cases of abortion). Should not be used for general anaesthesia in children under the age of three years and for sedation of children under the age of 16 in the intensive care unit. Should not be used during lactation.
Special Precautions
Should be administered only by a physician capable in the field of anaesthesia and/or intensive care and facilities for resuscitation should be available immediately.
Continuous monitoring required to observe possible hypotension, respiratory tract obstruction or insufficient oxygen intake. Elderly or debilitated patients, patients with cardiac, respiratory, renal or hepatic impairment, hypovolaemia. Epilepsy. Refer to Summary of Product Characteristics.
Adverse Reactions
Side effects of propofol during induction, maintenance of anaesthesia and during recovery are rare. Pain at injection site. Minimal excitation, hypotension and apnoea of short duration may occur during induction.
Nausea, vomiting and headache may occur during recovery. Rarely, green discolouration of urine after prolonged administration.
Drug Availability
(POM)Updated
09 June 2009Advert for Healthcare Professionals Only
Latest News
12th February 2012
Cyberknife (Accuray Inc) relieves pain of Trigeminal Neuralgia facial nerve condition Page
Cyberknife, the Intensity Modulated RadioTherapy system from Accuray Inc, can relieve the stabbing pain of the facial nerve condition Trigeminal Neuralgia. Researchers treated 17 patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia with Cyberknife radiosurgery between 2007 and 2009. The patients, who were aged between 36 and 90, had had their symptoms for between one and 11 years and had not responded to the available treatment options. The researchers zapped a 6mm length of trigeminal nerve, just 2 to 3mm from the root, using a maximum radiation dose of 73.06 Gy. The patients were then monitored regularly after the procedure, for an average of just under 12 months. Complete data were available for 16 patients, 14 of whom obtained either partial or complete relief from their symptoms. The average time before symptom relief occurred was just under two months, but varied from three weeks to six months. Four patients relapsed after the procedure, between three and 18 months later. No patient experienced major complications as a result of the procedure, and only two patients reported any sensory side effects. See: >"Cyberknife radiosurgery in treating trigeminal neuralgia" by Bryan M Lazzara et al. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery (2012). doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2011-010125
FDA approves trial of Celution System (Cytori Therapeutics) for CMI Cardiology Page
Cytori Therapeutics has received an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) approval from the FDA to begin the ATHENA trial using its Celution System. ATHENA will investigate the use of the Celution System to treat a form of Coronary Heart Disease, Chronic Myocardial Ischemia (CMI). The IDE application was originally submitted to the FDA in December 2011. The trial will enroll up to 45 patients with no-option CMI who have limited therapeutic options. It will evaluate a variety of clinical and functional outcomes, including safety, peak oxygen consumption (mVO2), and clinical outcomes at 12-months.
Phase III Trial of MDV 3100 (Medivation/Astellas) in Prostate Cancer patients shows positive results Oncology Page
Researchers have presented positive results on all efficacy endpoints from the Phase III AFFIRM trial of the investigational drug MDV 3100, from Medivation and Astellas, in men with Prostate Cancer previously treated with chemotherapy. The results, presented at the 2012 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, show that men taking MDV 3100 lived for a median of 18.4 months, compared with 13.6 months for men taking placebo. MDV 3100 also met all secondary endpoints, including radiographic progression-free survival (8.3 versus 2.9 months; PSA declines of 50% or greater were more common in the MDV 3100 group than in the placebo group (54.0% versus 1.5%; and MDV 3100 was found to be well tolerated. The data was presented by Howard I. Scher, chief, Genitourinary Oncology Service at Memorial-Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
