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Latest Drugs
Kidney and Urological Diseases Drug Data - A-Z (English)
Drug Class Description
Nitrofurans.Generic Name
NitrofurantoinDrug Description
Blue/yellow modified-release capsules marked Eaton BID.Presentation
Capsules, nitrofurantoin (as macrocrystals and monohydrate) 100 mg .Indications
Urinary tract infections, pyelitis, prophylaxis in genito- urinary surgery.Adult Dosage
1 twice daily with food for 1 twice daily with food for 7 days. Prophylaxis, 1 twice daily for 4 days, starting on day of procedure.Child Dosage
Not applicable.Contra Indications
Patients with known hypersensitivity to nitrofurantoin or other nitrofurans.
Patients suffering from renal dysfunction with a creatinine clearance of less than 60 ml/minute or elevated serum creatinine.
G6PD deficiency
Acute porphyria.
In infants under three months of age as well as pregnant patients at term (during labour and delivery) because of the theoretical possibility of haemolytic anaemia in the foetus or in the newborn infant due to immature erythrocyte enzyme systems.
Special Precautions
Monitor pulmonary, neurological and hepatic function during long term therapy and in the elderly. Anaemia, diabetes, electrolyte imbalance, vitamin B deficiency, debilitation. Lactation.
Interactions
1. Increased absorption with food or agents delaying gastric emptying.
2. Decreased absorption with magnesium trisilicate.
3. Decreased renal excretion of Nitrofurantoin by probenecid and Sulphinpyrazone.
4. Decreased anti-bacterial activity by carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and urine alkalisation.
5. Anti-bacterial antagonism by quinolone anti-infectives.
6. Interference with some tests for glucose in urine.
7. As Nitrofurantoin belongs to a group of anti-bacterials and will have the following interactions:
Oestrogens: In common with other antibiotics, nitrofurantoin may affect the gut flora, leading to lower oestrogen reabsorption and reduced efficacy of oestrogen-containing contraceptive products. Therefore, patients should be warned appropriately and extra contraceptive precautions taken.
Typhoid vaccine (oral): Antibacterials inactivate oral typhoid vaccine.
Adverse Reactions
Withdraw if symptoms of pulmonary reactions, hepatitis, haemolysis or peripheral neuropathy occur. GI upset, anorexia, allergic reactions, blood dyscrasias.
Manufacturer
GoldshieldDrug Availability
(POM)Updated
04 January 2012Advert for Healthcare Professionals Only
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Toviaz (fesoterodine fumarate) from Pfizer has met its primary endpoint in Study A0221049.This was a 12 week trial which enrolled 562 patients aged 65 or older who were randomised to either fesoterodine or placebo. Toviaz was found to be statistically significantly superior to placebo in reducing the mean number of urgency urinary incontinence episodes per day at the end of treatment for Overactive Bladder. While the prevalence of overactive bladder increases with age, limited research has been conducted in older individuals with this condition. Toviaz, a muscarinic antagonist, is approved in both the USA and EU to treat the symptoms of Overactive Bladder.
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